Zuciyar na'urar samar da wutar lantarki mai sauyawa - mai sauyawa

Analysis of high-frequency sauya wuta samar da wutan lantarki

A cikin kayan lantarki da muke haɗuwa da kullun, za mu iya samun adadi mai yawamaganadisu coresassa, daga cikinsu akwai zuciya nasauya wutar lantarkimodule - damai canza wuta. A zamanin yau, samfuran lantarki a cikin rayuwa suna da ƙarin buƙatu masu tsauri don bayyanar matsananci-kananan samfura da bakin ciki. A matsayin zuciyar tushen makamashi na waɗannan samfurori na lantarki, yawan wutar lantarki mai sauyawa mai mahimmanci yana da fa'idodi na babban inganci, kyakkyawan zafin jiki da ƙananan girman. Don haka, yawancin samfuran lantarki sune manyan kayan wutan lantarki na sauyawa. A matsayinka na masu aiki a cikin masana'antar lantarki, dole ne ka san wani abu game da mai canza wutar lantarki.

Transformer na'ura ce da ke amfani da ka'idar shigar da wutar lantarki don musanya halin yanzu. Babban abubuwan da ke tattare da shi sun haɗa danada na farko, na biyukumabaƙin ƙarfe.

A cikin sana'ar lantarki, ana iya ganin taranfoma sau da yawa. Mafi yawan amfani shine a cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki azaman juyawar wutar lantarki da keɓewa:

①: Ana iya raba canji zuwa nau'i biyu: mataki zuwa sama da ƙasa. Yawancin kayan wutar lantarki masu sauyawa suna mataki-kasa. Irin waɗannan kayan lantarki galibi ana amfani da su wajen samar da wutar lantarki ta tebur, adaftar kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, caja na wayar hannu, kayan wutar lantarki na TV, injin dafa abinci, firiji, injin induction, kayan wuta da sauransu. Waɗannan abubuwan AC ne waɗanda ke wucewa ta gadar gyara da babban capacitor gyara tacewa. don samun high-voltage DC.

②: Ana amfani da haɓaka gabaɗaya a cikin kayan wutan lantarki na inverter ko layin DC-DC, tare da samar da wutar lantarki na gaggawa, kuma an canza baturin 12V zuwa fitowar 220V don kayan aikin samar da wutar lantarki.

③: Keɓewarhigh-frequency switchersbuƙatun aminci ne don tabbatar da amincin kayan lantarki. Lokacin shigar da AC, tilas ne mai canza canjin ya sami tazara mai aminci don cimma warewa tsakanin shigar da AC na farko da na biyun wutar lantarki. Babban iskar na'urar na'ura yana keɓe tare da tef ɗin insulating, kuma ɓangarorin farko da na biyu na kwarangwal sun keɓe. AC yana ratsa jikin ɗan adam kuma ya samar da madauki tare da ƙasa, yana haifar da haɗarin tafiyar ɗan adam. Akwai gwaje-gwaje masu ƙarfin ƙarfin lantarki akan tasfoma, gabaɗaya suna buƙatar 3KV.

Dangantakar da ke tsakanin coil na farko da na biyu:

Lokacin da taswirar ke gudana tare da kaya, canji a halin yanzu na coil na biyu zai haifar da canji mai dacewa a halin yanzu na coil na farko. Dangane da ka'idar ma'auni mai yuwuwar maganadisu, an gano cewa halin yanzu na coils na farko da na sakandare sun yi daidai da adadin jujjuyawar coil. Halin da ke gefen tare da ƙarin juyi ya fi ƙanƙanta, kuma na yanzu a gefe tare da ƙananan juzu'i ya fi girma.

Ana iya bayyana shi ta wannan dabara: primary coil current/secondary coil current = second coil turns/primary coil turns.

Kayan nada na na'ura sun hada daenameled waya, mai rufi waya mai rufi uku, tagulla foil, kumatakardar jan karfe. Wayar da aka sanyawa gabaɗaya tana amfani da murɗaɗɗen wayoyi masu yawa. Amfanin murɗaɗɗen waya mai nau'i-nau'i shine don guje wa tasirin fata na wayar tagulla, amma murɗaɗɗen igiyoyi masu yawa na iya haifar da hayaniya. Ana amfani da waya mai rufi mai rufi uku a cikin masu canza wuta tare da rashin isasshen tsaro koƙananan kwarangwalyanki, da kuma tagulla foil da tagulla takardar ana amfani da high-power transformers.

Hanyar jujjuyawar coil na iya inganta EMI na taswira, musamman a cikin samar da wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi. Juyawa da garkuwa suna da mahimmanci ga EMI. Iskar nada tana shafar yoyowar inductance da karfin ikon na'urar, kuma yana da tasiri akan asarar taransifoma.

 

Bambanci tsakaninƙananan masu taswirakumamasu taswira mai ƙarfi:

① Transformer aiki mita
A cewar hukumarmitocin aiki daban-daban na transfoma, ana iya raba shi gabaɗaya zuwa ƙananan tafsirin tafsiri da tafsiri mai ƙarfi. Misali, a cikin rayuwar yau da kullun, mitar mitar masana'antu AC shine 50Hz, kuma muna kiran na'urar da ke aiki a wannan mitar mai ƙaramar taswira; yayin da mitar aiki na babban taswira na iya kaiwa dubun KHz zuwa ɗaruruwan KHz. Ga masu taswirar ƙananan mitoci da na'urori masu ƙarfi da ƙarfin fitarwa iri ɗaya, ƙarar na'ura mai ƙarfi ya fi na ƙaramin tafsiri. Transformer wani bangare ne mai girman gaske a cikin da'irar samar da wutar lantarki. Don tabbatar da ƙarfin fitarwa yayin rage ƙarar, dole ne a yi amfani da na'ura mai mahimmanci, don haka ana amfani da na'ura mai mahimmanci a cikin sauyawar wutar lantarki.

② Ka'idar aiki ta transformer
Ka'idar aiki na babban taswira mai ƙarfi da ƙaramin mai canzawa iri ɗaya ne. Dukansu biyu suna aiki akan ka'idar shigar da wutar lantarki, amma dangane da kayan masana'anta, kayan da ake amfani da su don muryoyin su sun bambanta. Bakin karfen na'ura mai jujjuyawar wutar lantarki gabaɗaya an yi shi da zanen karfen siliki da yawa da aka haɗe tare, yayin da ɗigon baƙin ƙarfe na babban mai canzawa yana yin manyan kayan maganadisu.

③ Siginar watsawa ta Transformer
A cikin da'irar samar da wutar lantarki mai daidaita wutar lantarki ta DC, ƙaramin mai juyawa yana watsa siginar igiyar igiyar ruwa. A cikin da'irar samar da wutar lantarki, babban mai juyawa yana watsa siginar bugun bugun bugun jini mai saurin gaske.

Babban ayyuka na na'urar lantarki sune: canjin wutar lantarki; jujjuyawar impedance; kaɗaici; ƙarfafa ƙarfin lantarki (Magnetic saturation transformer), da dai sauransu. Ana amfani da masu canzawa a kusan duk samfuran lantarki kuma wani ɓangare ne na makawa. Ka'idar mai canzawa yana da sauƙi. Dangane da lokuttan amfani daban-daban da amfani daban-daban, tsarin jujjuyawar na'urar za ta sami buƙatu daban-daban.

 

XuanGe Electronics

Shekaru 15 na ƙwararrun masana'antun kayan aikin lantarki